Supply chain optimisation for an ultrasound - organosolv 1 lignocellulosic biorefinery : Impact of technology choices 2

7 Conversion of lignocellulose to value-added products is normally focussed on fuel 8 production via ethanol or heat. In this work, a techno-economic assessment of a 9 biorefinery with three product streams, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin is presented. 10 Moreover, the techno-economic assessment is evaluated in the context of the supply 11 chain through optimisation. A mixed integer linear program was developed to allow for 12 flexible scenarios in order to determine effects of technological and pre-processing 13 variations on the supply chain. The techno-economic and optimisation model 14 integration was demonstrated on a case study in Scotland using woody biomass, either 15 as sawnlogs or sawmill chips. It was established that sawmill chips is the preferred 16 option, however sawnlogs became competitive once passive drying to 30% moisture 17 content (wet basis) was considered. The flexibility of the modelling approach allowed 18 for consideration of technology savings in the context of the supply chain, which can 19 impact development choices. 20